Europe

A parallel between the Indo-Pakistan War of 1965 and the defeat of the Spanish Armada

On the morning of September 6, 1965, the people of Pakistan (including the present-day Bangladesh) learnt that their country was under attack because the Indian forces had crossed the international boundary near Lahore. For the next seventeen days, the media kept informing the nation that heavy losses were being inflicted on the enemy. When the

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New discoveries about the Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam

Iqbal Review, Volume 48, Number 2, April 2007, pp.36-57 The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam is seen as a problematic writing of Iqbal. The reason may be that although much has been written about the book, it has never been subjected to a linguistic analysis. That is what I intend to do in this

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Tamerlane

This article was published in Dawn, The Review, November 9-15, 2000. I stand corrected about my statement: ‘There is a less reliable tradition that in Damascus, Taimur held discourse with the famous historian and sociologist Ibn-i-Khaldun.’ In fact, it is the report of the meeting between Taimur and the poet Hafiz that has been questioned

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